任何一篇文章都離不開篇章紐帶的起承轉合。尤其是高考英語書面表達，儘管它不屬於真正意義上的作文，但作文的基本要素卻是不能缺乏的。因此，高分的關鍵和作文的出彩在於過渡詞（transitional words）恰到好處的運用。牢記並自如地運用過渡詞是每一位考生決勝高考的法寶。以下是書面表達中常用連詞分類舉例。
▲舉例：for example，for instance，take…for example，such as，like，and so on，so on and so forth，and so on and on and on， etc.等。
▲說明：that's to say，in other words，namely，等。
▲因果：so，for，therefore，as a result，thus，because，because of，thanks to…，owing to…，due to ……等。
▲遞進：then，besides，in addition， furthermore，moreover， what's more等。
▲順序：firstly， secondly，thirdly， finally；in the first place，in the second place， in the third place， lastly to begin with，then，furthermore，finally；to start with， next， in addition，finally；first and foremost， besides， last but not least；most important of all，moreover，finally（以上為時間順序）
in the front of，in front of …，before， behind， at the back of， on the right/left（of），to the right /left of…，on the other side of …，in the center of …，in the middle of …，at the beginning of ， at the end of …，by the side of …，on the top of …，at the foot of …，on the bottom of， inside，outside， upstairs， downstairs（以上為空間順序）
▲轉折： nevertheless， however， although， though， but，on the country，after all， oppositely等。
▲總結： in short， in a word， in general， generally speaking， finally，at last，as far as i know，in brief，briefly speaking， in the end， as a matter of fact， in reality， in fact， on the whole， in conclusion， on account of this， therefore等。
▲強調： really， indeed，certainly，surely，for sure， above all等。
▲對比： in the same way，just as，in common with， compared with， on the one hand…on the other hand， for one thing… for another，similarly等。
▲平行：and，both…and…，as well as，as well，neither…nor…or，either…or…，not only…but also…等。
二、書面表達的常考常用句型在實際的英語寫作中，我們應該掌握一些常用的句型以便在實戰中發揮作用。高考英語書面表達的句式基本上都是簡單句，就是複合句也大都是極普通的常用句式或句型。先討論簡單句的使用情況。所謂簡單句式在英語中無非是三種基本句型及其擴充。
一類是s.+v.+o.式，例如，①i like english and computer best. （nmet1996）
②i started school from 1984 to 1990.（nmet1996）
二類是s.+v.+adv.式，例如，① my parents live in the country.（nmet1993）
②the other day my brother and i went to the cinema by bicycle. （nmet1997）
三類是s.+v.+pre. 例如，①my name is li hua.（nmet1996）
②the playground is now in front of the school.（nmet1999）
③it was 7：15 on the morning of february 8，2000. （nmet2000）
下面我們主要分析一下書面表達中部分複合句式，慣用句型與套語以及慣用結構等。高考英語書面表達中的複合句式多為帶時間狀語從句的複合句和帶賓語從句的複合句，其他如強調句型、帶定語從句的複合句、帶主語從句的複合句、條件句、讓步或轉折的句式等，也是常見常用常考的複合句形式。有些複合句式幾乎年年都考。複合句雖可化簡，但就一篇文章而言，若全是簡單句，無一複合句或難句起採，難見考生功力，得高分就不容易了。所以，該用複合句或難句表現的，而且自信沒什麼問題，就應大膽寫出來， 考生切記。
1. 帶時間狀語從句的複合句①before we knew it， we had to say good-bye to the workers. （nmet1998）
②in short， things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load. （nmet2001）
③as we got into a forest， we lost out way.（北京2002）
④it's also possible a pickpocket stole your money while you were shopping. （2004北京卷）
⑤when i was about to play football， i saw mom washing clothes for me. （2004重慶卷）
⑥by the time mom came back， i had finished the work. （2004重慶卷）
⑦soon after i started， a friend came and invited me to play football with him.（2004重慶卷）
⑧as the snatcher was running past him， the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it between the snatcher's legs. （2004遼寧卷）
這類時間狀語從句不僅考得頻繁，而且連詞when， while， as， before， after甚至by the time都考到了，時態上現在時、過去時、過去進行時和過去完成時等都出現了。而且有些年份帶時間狀語從句的複合句還同時出現多次。因此我們建議廣大考生應加強訓練這類複合句，在高考中儘量少犯錯誤。
2. 帶賓語從句的複合句①i think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent， and how well you've learned chinese. （nmet2004， i）
②i'm sure we'll have a wonderful time and enjoy each other's company.（nmet2004， ii）
③i am so sorry that i won't be able to attend the lecture on american history tomorrow afternoon. （nmet2004， iii）
④i wonder if it is possible for the talk to be recorded， and if so， could i borrow the tape？ （nmet2004， iii）
⑤i'm so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning chinese. （2004浙江卷）
⑥please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries. （2004浙江卷）
⑦some of them think that english learning should start from childhood. （2004湖北卷）
⑧i would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future. （2004江蘇卷）
3. 帶定語從句的複合句①the flat is in a building on fangcao street， which is not far from jianxin chinese school. （nmet2003）
②if there is anything i can do for you， i would be more than glad to help. （nmet2004， i）
③people need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. （nmet2002）
④as is shown on chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. （2004北京卷）
⑤so the missing money still must be in the other jacket， the one you were wearing yesterday！ （2004北京卷）
4. 其他
▲強調句型 it was our brave ah fu who had saved my little sister. （nmet1993）
▲帶主語從句的複合句
①here is how you can find us.（nmet1995）
②on the other side， where the playground used to be now stands another new building-our library.（nmet1999）
▲so that句型：
①i became so impatient that i had to go to explain my difficulty. （2004廣東卷）
②i am so sorry that i won't be able to …。 tomorrow afternoon. （nmet2004， iii）
③i would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future. （2004江蘇卷）
④the noise was so loud that i couldn't go on studying. （2004廣東卷）
▲讓步或轉折：
①it was hard for me， but i felt it a pleasure to be able to share housework with mom.（2004重慶卷）
②i don't know about others， but i used to have to work even at weekends doing homework and attending classes as well. （nmet2001）
③although the city is modern and convenient， there are still some problems， such as air pollution， crowdedness and noise. （2004湖南卷）
④i know the school will organize a lot of things for you to do in the morning， but in the afternoon， i'll show you around and take you to some places of interest. （nmet2004， ii）
▲條件句：
①if they study chinese pinyin and english at the same time， it will be very easy for them to mix them up.（2004湖北卷）
②if you would like to try， you' ll have to go to the tv station to sign up before the end of june. （nmet2004，i）
③if there is anything i can do for you， i would be more than glad to help. （nmet2004，i）
三。書面表達開頭和結尾的寫作
1.書面表達的開頭俗話說萬事開頭難。其實，一點也不難。高考英語書面表達的開頭句一般已為你寫好。你要做的是分段縮進重起第二段。注意千萬不要接著已寫好的首句。一是不美觀，二是不便於閱卷老師細覽。那麼你的起頭句實際上是第二段了。開始句根據要求一般可以寫的漂亮一點，即要用一些好的套語開始。比如：
①opinions are divided on the question.（nmet2002）
②chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students of the school spend on different after-class activities. （2004北京卷）
③as is shown on chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities.（2004北京卷）
④although the city is modern and convenient， there are still some problems， such as air pollution， crowdedness and noise.（2004湖南卷）
⑤my parents and i are very pleased to have you with us.（2004全國卷i）
⑥i am so sorry that i won't be able to attend the lecture on american history tomorrow afternoon. （2004全國卷iii）
可是很多考生總在開頭處寫的不盡如人意，總喜歡搞一些生造的句子或詞語來開頭，這是一大忌。有些開頭可以以套語開始，或以俗語開始比較有力，這樣就容易被老師看好。檔位在開始時就已定得很高了。現以2004湖北卷書面表達試題的開始句為例看考生的千奇百怪的錯誤：
①some students agreed start learning english from childhood.
②some students think： we should learn english from childhood. because of we have a good memory in childhood.
③some students considered it's useless to slart learning english from childhood.
④one group thought its necessary to start learning english from child.
⑤in some students opinion， we shall start learning english from childhood.
⑥some of students considered that children at their ages had a good memory…
任何一篇文章都離不開篇章紐帶的起承轉合。尤其是高考英語書面表達，儘管它不屬於真正意義上的作文，但作文的基本要素卻是不能缺乏的。因此，高分的關鍵和作文的出彩在於過渡詞（transitional words）恰到好處的運用。牢記並自如地運用過渡詞是每一位考生決勝高考的法寶。以下是書面表達中常用連詞分類舉例。
▲舉例：for example，for instance，take…for example，such as，like，and so on，so on and so forth，and so on and on and on， etc.等。
▲說明：that's to say，in other words，namely，等。
▲因果：so，for，therefore，as a result，thus，because，because of，thanks to…，owing to…，due to ……等。
▲遞進：then，besides，in addition， furthermore，moreover， what's more等。
▲順序：firstly， secondly，thirdly， finally；in the first place，in the second place， in the third place， lastly to begin with，then，furthermore，finally；to start with， next， in addition，finally；first and foremost， besides， last but not least；most important of all，moreover，finally（以上為時間順序）
in the front of，in front of …，before， behind， at the back of， on the right/left（of），to the right /left of…，on the other side of …，in the center of …，in the middle of …，at the beginning of ， at the end of …，by the side of …，on the top of …，at the foot of …，on the bottom of， inside，outside， upstairs， downstairs（以上為空間順序）
▲轉折： nevertheless， however， although， though， but，on the country，after all， oppositely等。
▲總結： in short， in a word， in general， generally speaking， finally，at last，as far as i know，in brief，briefly speaking， in the end， as a matter of fact， in reality， in fact， on the whole， in conclusion， on account of this， therefore等。
▲強調： really， indeed，certainly，surely，for sure， above all等。
▲對比： in the same way，just as，in common with， compared with， on the one hand…on the other hand， for one thing… for another，similarly等。
▲平行：and，both…and…，as well as，as well，neither…nor…or，either…or…，not only…but also…等。
二、書面表達的常考常用句型在實際的英語寫作中，我們應該掌握一些常用的句型以便在實戰中發揮作用。高考英語書面表達的句式基本上都是簡單句，就是複合句也大都是極普通的常用句式或句型。先討論簡單句的使用情況。所謂簡單句式在英語中無非是三種基本句型及其擴充。
一類是s.+v.+o.式，例如，①i like english and computer best. （nmet1996）
②i started school from 1984 to 1990.（nmet1996）
二類是s.+v.+adv.式，例如，① my parents live in the country.（nmet1993）
②the other day my brother and i went to the cinema by bicycle. （nmet1997）
三類是s.+v.+pre. 例如，①my name is li hua.（nmet1996）
②the playground is now in front of the school.（nmet1999）
③it was 7：15 on the morning of february 8，2000. （nmet2000）
下面我們主要分析一下書面表達中部分複合句式，慣用句型與套語以及慣用結構等。高考英語書面表達中的複合句式多為帶時間狀語從句的複合句和帶賓語從句的複合句，其他如強調句型、帶定語從句的複合句、帶主語從句的複合句、條件句、讓步或轉折的句式等，也是常見常用常考的複合句形式。有些複合句式幾乎年年都考。複合句雖可化簡，但就一篇文章而言，若全是簡單句，無一複合句或難句起採，難見考生功力，得高分就不容易了。所以，該用複合句或難句表現的，而且自信沒什麼問題，就應大膽寫出來， 考生切記。
1. 帶時間狀語從句的複合句①before we knew it， we had to say good-bye to the workers. （nmet1998）
②in short， things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load. （nmet2001）
③as we got into a forest， we lost out way.（北京2002）
④it's also possible a pickpocket stole your money while you were shopping. （2004北京卷）
⑤when i was about to play football， i saw mom washing clothes for me. （2004重慶卷）
⑥by the time mom came back， i had finished the work. （2004重慶卷）
⑦soon after i started， a friend came and invited me to play football with him.（2004重慶卷）
⑧as the snatcher was running past him， the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it between the snatcher's legs. （2004遼寧卷）
這類時間狀語從句不僅考得頻繁，而且連詞when， while， as， before， after甚至by the time都考到了，時態上現在時、過去時、過去進行時和過去完成時等都出現了。而且有些年份帶時間狀語從句的複合句還同時出現多次。因此我們建議廣大考生應加強訓練這類複合句，在高考中儘量少犯錯誤。
2. 帶賓語從句的複合句①i think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent， and how well you've learned chinese. （nmet2004， i）
②i'm sure we'll have a wonderful time and enjoy each other's company.（nmet2004， ii）
③i am so sorry that i won't be able to attend the lecture on american history tomorrow afternoon. （nmet2004， iii）
④i wonder if it is possible for the talk to be recorded， and if so， could i borrow the tape？ （nmet2004， iii）
⑤i'm so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning chinese. （2004浙江卷）
⑥please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries. （2004浙江卷）
⑦some of them think that english learning should start from childhood. （2004湖北卷）
⑧i would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future. （2004江蘇卷）
3. 帶定語從句的複合句①the flat is in a building on fangcao street， which is not far from jianxin chinese school. （nmet2003）
②if there is anything i can do for you， i would be more than glad to help. （nmet2004， i）
③people need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. （nmet2002）
④as is shown on chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. （2004北京卷）
⑤so the missing money still must be in the other jacket， the one you were wearing yesterday！ （2004北京卷）
4. 其他
▲強調句型 it was our brave ah fu who had saved my little sister. （nmet1993）
▲帶主語從句的複合句
①here is how you can find us.（nmet1995）
②on the other side， where the playground used to be now stands another new building-our library.（nmet1999）
▲so that句型：
①i became so impatient that i had to go to explain my difficulty. （2004廣東卷）
②i am so sorry that i won't be able to …。 tomorrow afternoon. （nmet2004， iii）
③i would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future. （2004江蘇卷）
④the noise was so loud that i couldn't go on studying. （2004廣東卷）
▲讓步或轉折：
①it was hard for me， but i felt it a pleasure to be able to share housework with mom.（2004重慶卷）
②i don't know about others， but i used to have to work even at weekends doing homework and attending classes as well. （nmet2001）
③although the city is modern and convenient， there are still some problems， such as air pollution， crowdedness and noise. （2004湖南卷）
④i know the school will organize a lot of things for you to do in the morning， but in the afternoon， i'll show you around and take you to some places of interest. （nmet2004， ii）
▲條件句：
①if they study chinese pinyin and english at the same time， it will be very easy for them to mix them up.（2004湖北卷）
②if you would like to try， you' ll have to go to the tv station to sign up before the end of june. （nmet2004，i）
③if there is anything i can do for you， i would be more than glad to help. （nmet2004，i）
三。書面表達開頭和結尾的寫作
1.書面表達的開頭俗話說萬事開頭難。其實，一點也不難。高考英語書面表達的開頭句一般已為你寫好。你要做的是分段縮進重起第二段。注意千萬不要接著已寫好的首句。一是不美觀，二是不便於閱卷老師細覽。那麼你的起頭句實際上是第二段了。開始句根據要求一般可以寫的漂亮一點，即要用一些好的套語開始。比如：
①opinions are divided on the question.（nmet2002）
②chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students of the school spend on different after-class activities. （2004北京卷）
③as is shown on chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities.（2004北京卷）
④although the city is modern and convenient， there are still some problems， such as air pollution， crowdedness and noise.（2004湖南卷）
⑤my parents and i are very pleased to have you with us.（2004全國卷i）
⑥i am so sorry that i won't be able to attend the lecture on american history tomorrow afternoon. （2004全國卷iii）
可是很多考生總在開頭處寫的不盡如人意，總喜歡搞一些生造的句子或詞語來開頭，這是一大忌。有些開頭可以以套語開始，或以俗語開始比較有力，這樣就容易被老師看好。檔位在開始時就已定得很高了。現以2004湖北卷書面表達試題的開始句為例看考生的千奇百怪的錯誤：
①some students agreed start learning english from childhood.
②some students think： we should learn english from childhood. because of we have a good memory in childhood.
③some students considered it's useless to slart learning english from childhood.
④one group thought its necessary to start learning english from child.
⑤in some students opinion， we shall start learning english from childhood.
⑥some of students considered that children at their ages had a good memory…
2.書面表達的結尾：⑦⑧結尾在書面表達的寫作中佔有很重要的地位，通常結尾都要算一個內容要求，所以，寫好結尾且讓閱卷老師有一個完整的印象是十分必要的。好的結尾可以是一段，由一句或幾句話組成，能使全文增色。例如：
①if there is anything i can do for you， i would be more than glad to help.（ 2004全國卷i）
②it would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. （2004全國卷iii）
③what's more， some statues of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder. don't you think it a wonderful program？（2004福建卷）
④please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries. （2004浙江卷）
⑤by the time mom came back， i had finished the work. mom praised me， and i felt proud too. （2004重慶卷）
⑥in short， the students have not arrived at any agreement yet.（2004湖北卷）
但是，在實際的操作中，許多考生卻不知如何來結尾，原本一、兩句話或極少的表達就可很圓滿地完成寫作任務，往往又旁生枝節，寫上一些廢話，甚至錯話，結果因表達不當又被扣分。以2004年湖北卷書面表達試題考生的錯誤為例，可以看出很多考生是吃力不討好的。結尾中主要的錯誤體現在不必要的累贅和廢話上面：
▲結尾的枝節（不必要的累贅）
①in a word， the discussion is broken……
②in my opinion， the students should enjoy free， sunshine， flowers， the walks in the beauty of the countryside not except the studying.
③though they have two different kinds of opinions about this discussion， but they are very friendly in this discussion.
▲廢話
①the discuss meeting didn't again a same result.
②what do you think， can you tell me.
③the discussion didn't get a conclusion. what's your opinion？
任何一篇文章都離不開篇章紐帶的起承轉合。尤其是高考英語書面表達，儘管它不屬於真正意義上的作文，但作文的基本要素卻是不能缺乏的。因此，高分的關鍵和作文的出彩在於過渡詞（transitional words）恰到好處的運用。牢記並自如地運用過渡詞是每一位考生決勝高考的法寶。以下是書面表達中常用連詞分類舉例。
▲舉例：for example，for instance，take…for example，such as，like，and so on，so on and so forth，and so on and on and on， etc.等。
▲說明：that's to say，in other words，namely，等。
▲因果：so，for，therefore，as a result，thus，because，because of，thanks to…，owing to…，due to ……等。
▲遞進：then，besides，in addition， furthermore，moreover， what's more等。
▲順序：firstly， secondly，thirdly， finally；in the first place，in the second place， in the third place， lastly to begin with，then，furthermore，finally；to start with， next， in addition，finally；first and foremost， besides， last but not least；most important of all，moreover，finally（以上為時間順序）
in the front of，in front of …，before， behind， at the back of， on the right/left（of），to the right /left of…，on the other side of …，in the center of …，in the middle of …，at the beginning of ， at the end of …，by the side of …，on the top of …，at the foot of …，on the bottom of， inside，outside， upstairs， downstairs（以上為空間順序）
▲轉折： nevertheless， however， although， though， but，on the country，after all， oppositely等。
▲總結： in short， in a word， in general， generally speaking， finally，at last，as far as i know，in brief，briefly speaking， in the end， as a matter of fact， in reality， in fact， on the whole， in conclusion， on account of this， therefore等。
▲強調： really， indeed，certainly，surely，for sure， above all等。
▲對比： in the same way，just as，in common with， compared with， on the one hand…on the other hand， for one thing… for another，similarly等。
▲平行：and，both…and…，as well as，as well，neither…nor…or，either…or…，not only…but also…等。
二、書面表達的常考常用句型在實際的英語寫作中，我們應該掌握一些常用的句型以便在實戰中發揮作用。高考英語書面表達的句式基本上都是簡單句，就是複合句也大都是極普通的常用句式或句型。先討論簡單句的使用情況。所謂簡單句式在英語中無非是三種基本句型及其擴充。
一類是s.+v.+o.式，例如，①i like english and computer best. （nmet1996）
②i started school from 1984 to 1990.（nmet1996）
二類是s.+v.+adv.式，例如，① my parents live in the country.（nmet1993）
②the other day my brother and i went to the cinema by bicycle. （nmet1997）
三類是s.+v.+pre. 例如，①my name is li hua.（nmet1996）
②the playground is now in front of the school.（nmet1999）
③it was 7：15 on the morning of february 8，2000. （nmet2000）
下面我們主要分析一下書面表達中部分複合句式，慣用句型與套語以及慣用結構等。高考英語書面表達中的複合句式多為帶時間狀語從句的複合句和帶賓語從句的複合句，其他如強調句型、帶定語從句的複合句、帶主語從句的複合句、條件句、讓步或轉折的句式等，也是常見常用常考的複合句形式。有些複合句式幾乎年年都考。複合句雖可化簡，但就一篇文章而言，若全是簡單句，無一複合句或難句起採，難見考生功力，得高分就不容易了。所以，該用複合句或難句表現的，而且自信沒什麼問題，就應大膽寫出來， 考生切記。
1. 帶時間狀語從句的複合句①before we knew it， we had to say good-bye to the workers. （nmet1998）
②in short， things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load. （nmet2001）
③as we got into a forest， we lost out way.（北京2002）
④it's also possible a pickpocket stole your money while you were shopping. （2004北京卷）
⑤when i was about to play football， i saw mom washing clothes for me. （2004重慶卷）
⑥by the time mom came back， i had finished the work. （2004重慶卷）
⑦soon after i started， a friend came and invited me to play football with him.（2004重慶卷）
⑧as the snatcher was running past him， the old man quickly picked up his umbrella and put it between the snatcher's legs. （2004遼寧卷）
這類時間狀語從句不僅考得頻繁，而且連詞when， while， as， before， after甚至by the time都考到了，時態上現在時、過去時、過去進行時和過去完成時等都出現了。而且有些年份帶時間狀語從句的複合句還同時出現多次。因此我們建議廣大考生應加強訓練這類複合句，在高考中儘量少犯錯誤。
2. 帶賓語從句的複合句①i think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent， and how well you've learned chinese. （nmet2004， i）
②i'm sure we'll have a wonderful time and enjoy each other's company.（nmet2004， ii）
③i am so sorry that i won't be able to attend the lecture on american history tomorrow afternoon. （nmet2004， iii）
④i wonder if it is possible for the talk to be recorded， and if so， could i borrow the tape？ （nmet2004， iii）
⑤i'm so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning chinese. （2004浙江卷）
⑥please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries. （2004浙江卷）
⑦some of them think that english learning should start from childhood. （2004湖北卷）
⑧i would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future. （2004江蘇卷）
3. 帶定語從句的複合句①the flat is in a building on fangcao street， which is not far from jianxin chinese school. （nmet2003）
②if there is anything i can do for you， i would be more than glad to help. （nmet2004， i）
③people need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. （nmet2002）
④as is shown on chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities. （2004北京卷）
⑤so the missing money still must be in the other jacket， the one you were wearing yesterday！ （2004北京卷）
4. 其他
▲強調句型 it was our brave ah fu who had saved my little sister. （nmet1993）
▲帶主語從句的複合句
①here is how you can find us.（nmet1995）
②on the other side， where the playground used to be now stands another new building-our library.（nmet1999）
▲so that句型：
①i became so impatient that i had to go to explain my difficulty. （2004廣東卷）
②i am so sorry that i won't be able to …。 tomorrow afternoon. （nmet2004， iii）
③i would also think that the growth population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future. （2004江蘇卷）
④the noise was so loud that i couldn't go on studying. （2004廣東卷）
▲讓步或轉折：
①it was hard for me， but i felt it a pleasure to be able to share housework with mom.（2004重慶卷）
②i don't know about others， but i used to have to work even at weekends doing homework and attending classes as well. （nmet2001）
③although the city is modern and convenient， there are still some problems， such as air pollution， crowdedness and noise. （2004湖南卷）
④i know the school will organize a lot of things for you to do in the morning， but in the afternoon， i'll show you around and take you to some places of interest. （nmet2004， ii）
▲條件句：
①if they study chinese pinyin and english at the same time， it will be very easy for them to mix them up.（2004湖北卷）
②if you would like to try， you' ll have to go to the tv station to sign up before the end of june. （nmet2004，i）
③if there is anything i can do for you， i would be more than glad to help. （nmet2004，i）
三。書面表達開頭和結尾的寫作
1.書面表達的開頭俗話說萬事開頭難。其實，一點也不難。高考英語書面表達的開頭句一般已為你寫好。你要做的是分段縮進重起第二段。注意千萬不要接著已寫好的首句。一是不美觀，二是不便於閱卷老師細覽。那麼你的起頭句實際上是第二段了。開始句根據要求一般可以寫的漂亮一點，即要用一些好的套語開始。比如：
①opinions are divided on the question.（nmet2002）
②chart 1 shows the daily average amount of time the students of the school spend on different after-class activities. （2004北京卷）
③as is shown on chart 2， only 10% of the time is taken up with sports activities.（2004北京卷）
④although the city is modern and convenient， there are still some problems， such as air pollution， crowdedness and noise.（2004湖南卷）
⑤my parents and i are very pleased to have you with us.（2004全國卷i）
⑥i am so sorry that i won't be able to attend the lecture on american history tomorrow afternoon. （2004全國卷iii）
可是很多考生總在開頭處寫的不盡如人意，總喜歡搞一些生造的句子或詞語來開頭，這是一大忌。有些開頭可以以套語開始，或以俗語開始比較有力，這樣就容易被老師看好。檔位在開始時就已定得很高了。現以2004湖北卷書面表達試題的開始句為例看考生的千奇百怪的錯誤：
①some students agreed start learning english from childhood.
②some students think： we should learn english from childhood. because of we have a good memory in childhood.
③some students considered it's useless to slart learning english from childhood.
④one group thought its necessary to start learning english from child.
⑤in some students opinion， we shall start learning english from childhood.
⑥some of students considered that children at their ages had a good memory…
2.書面表達的結尾：⑦⑧結尾在書面表達的寫作中佔有很重要的地位，通常結尾都要算一個內容要求，所以，寫好結尾且讓閱卷老師有一個完整的印象是十分必要的。好的結尾可以是一段，由一句或幾句話組成，能使全文增色。例如：
①if there is anything i can do for you， i would be more than glad to help.（ 2004全國卷i）
②it would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. （2004全國卷iii）
③what's more， some statues of famous people will be set up to encourage us to work harder. don't you think it a wonderful program？（2004福建卷）
④please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries. （2004浙江卷）
⑤by the time mom came back， i had finished the work. mom praised me， and i felt proud too. （2004重慶卷）
⑥in short， the students have not arrived at any agreement yet.（2004湖北卷）
但是，在實際的操作中，許多考生卻不知如何來結尾，原本一、兩句話或極少的表達就可很圓滿地完成寫作任務，往往又旁生枝節，寫上一些廢話，甚至錯話，結果因表達不當又被扣分。以2004年湖北卷書面表達試題考生的錯誤為例，可以看出很多考生是吃力不討好的。結尾中主要的錯誤體現在不必要的累贅和廢話上面：
▲結尾的枝節（不必要的累贅）
①in a word， the discussion is broken……
②in my opinion， the students should enjoy free， sunshine， flowers， the walks in the beauty of the countryside not except the studying.
③though they have two different kinds of opinions about this discussion， but they are very friendly in this discussion.
▲廢話
①the discuss meeting didn't again a same result.
②what do you think， can you tell me.
③the discussion didn't get a conclusion. what's your opinion？