中小學英語：have用法大全

1. have的常用意思。

表示：有

2. have to 不得不；必須。和must 同義。但must 沒有時態變化。

表示必須做的事，而且沒有選擇：

I have to take an exam at the end of the course.

The museum isn't free. you have to pay $10 to get in.

She has to look after her little brother at home.

I had to get up early to go to school when I was a kid.

don't have to表示沒必要，或不要求, 相當於 needn't：

He doesn't have to work on Saturdays.

We don't have to go to the party if you don't want to.

3. have got/have got to是口語表達；相當於 have/ have to。

Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too.

I haven't got any jewelry.

Have you got a minute? I need to talk to you.

I've got a cold. - Stay away!

I've got to run. See you later.

4. have用於固定表達中。

had better do表示“…最好…”。

have a good trip 一路順風（告別時用語）

have trouble/problems/difficulty (in) doing sth 有困難/麻煩/問題

5. 複合結構即“have＋賓語＋賓語補足語”。

1) have sb. do sth. (不加to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語)，表示讓、叫某人做某事。

The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.

注：否定結構表示“不能讓…”或“從未有人…”.

We won't have you blame it on others.

She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.

2) have sb.(sth.)doing (現在分詞作賓語補足語)，表示讓（使）某人做某事。

…the two men had their lights burning all night long….

(3) have sb. (sth.)done (過去分詞作賓語補足語)，表示：

①使（讓，請）別人作某事，表示的動作是別人做的。

Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.

…he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.

②遭遇到某事。

Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken.

Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.

5. have done/ had done現在完成時和過去完成時。

Great changes have taken place the last two years.

They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.

6. have用於“情態動詞＋have＋過去分詞”的結構，有 推測、假設之意。

1) must＋have＋過去分詞，表示對過去時間發生的動作或存在的情況的推測，一般用於肯定句。

Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.

You must have left your bag in the theatre.

2)can(could)＋have＋過去分詞，表示對過去發生事情的“不可能”，常用於否定句和疑問句。

He can't have been to your home, he doesn't know your address.

3.should＋have＋過去分詞，表示“某事本該早做而實際未做”，用於肯定句。

You should have been here five minutes ago.

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